Intercontinental telesurgery shows promise for improving surgical care in underserved areas through remote operations.

• Human telesurgeries achieved successful outcomes with 150-300 ms latency and no serious complications.
• Preclinical models demonstrate stable long-distance viability via advanced hybrid networks.

Surgeons must consider both technological readiness and infrastructure needs to ensure equitable access.

• Ongoing challenges include network stability, legal uncertainties, and potential surgeon fatigue.