Triple therapy regimens significantly improve surgical candidacy for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma.

• Conversion to surgery rates (CSR) rise from 6% with conventional therapy to 41% with a combination of drug-eluting beads TACE, HAIC, TKI, and immune checkpoint inhibitor.
• Dual therapies yield lower CSRs (up to 15%) compared to triple therapies, emphasizing the need for combined treatment approaches.

Choosing more aggressive combination therapies can enhance surgical opportunities and outcomes for patients with unresectable disease.

• HAIC-based strategies consistently outperform conventional TACE methods.