The scoping review identified 129 studies on intraoperative artificial intelligence (AI) applications in robotic surgery. The majority of these applications (75%) provided robot assistance, while a smaller percentage (23%) enabled task autonomy. Only a few studies (2%) achieved conditional autonomy. All studies were in early stages of development, with no clinical investigations on humans. The evaluation focus shifted from AI-specific metrics to process outcomes as the level of autonomy increased. Common standards are needed for comparison between systems in the evaluation of AI applications for robotic surgery.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov’t by Vasey B, Lippert KAN (…) McCulloch P et 7 al. in Ann Surg
Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.