Improving physical fitness before surgery can significantly enhance recovery for patients undergoing oncologic procedures.

• 89% of studies emphasized the need for better cardiorespiratory fitness in prehabilitation programs.
• Most prehabilitation interventions (41%) were supervised and typically involved three sessions per week.

Surgical outcomes such as complications were the primary focus, with 42% of studies reporting them as main endpoints.

• Variations in program content and duration highlight the need for standardization in prehabilitation practices.