A study reveals stark differences in hepatocellular carcinoma outcomes between South Africa and Sweden, highlighting the need for region-specific treatment protocols.

• Patients in South Africa were significantly younger (median 50 vs. 71 years) and had more advanced disease.
• Only 9.2% received curative treatments in South Africa versus 42.5% in Sweden.

Survival rates were drastically lower: 1-year survival was 17.8% in South Africa compared to 58.9% in Sweden.

Tailored clinical guidelines are crucial to improve patient outcomes in lower-income regions.