This study investigates the use of computer vision to improve the identification of extrahepatic biliary ducts during laparoscopic cholecystectomy, showing significantly enhanced visibility through a novel fusion imaging approach.

• Baseline signal-to-background ratio (SBR) for indocyanine green near-infrared fluorescence (ICG-NIRF) was 1.21; using computer vision to attenuate liver background significantly improved SBR to 4.46 (p < 0.0001).
• A new white light-ICG fusion model further improved SBR to 3.07 (p < 0.0001), aiding in the objective identification of critical structures.

Surgeons should consider the potential of multi-modal computer vision approaches to enhance ICG-NIRF imaging, improving intra-operative safety.