In a survey of female physicians who had changed jobs or left medicine, surgeons more often pointed to pay inequity and mistreatment than nonsurgeons—workplace culture may be a retention issue.

• Harassment, bullying, or discrimination was cited by 15.3% of surgeons versus 6.4% of nonsurgeons; pay inequity by 5.3% versus 1.2%.
• Nearly half of surgeon respondents said a better work environment and culture might have kept them from leaving.

This self-selected, retrospective survey can identify concerns, but cannot estimate how common job changes are among female surgeons or establish what caused them.