Across 17 solid-organ cancers, robotic surgery was associated with fewer conversions to open surgery than straight-stick minimally invasive surgery—a consistent finding across organ sites.

• Adjusted conversion rates were 6.1% with robotics versus 13.6% with straight-stick surgery.
• Robotics yielded about one additional lymph node on average; length of stay, 90-day mortality, and negative-margin rates were broadly similar.

The large national cohort makes the conversion difference notable, but residual confounding means it does not establish that the platform itself caused the reduction or justify a universal switch.