Novel Predictive Model for Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastasis

Primary tumor location, lymph node metastasis, and abnormal tumor markers, along with PD-L1 CPS, were identified as key risk factors for colorectal cancer liver metastasis. A predictive model integrating these factors demonstrated strong accuracy in prognosis, with a determined CPS threshold of 4.5. The model offers valuable clinical guidance for assessing and managing colorectal cancer liver metastasis risk.