TOS-1A thermobaric weapons inflict severe traumatic injuries

The study investigates the specific trauma caused by the TOS-1A thermobaric artillery during the Ukraine conflict. It found that injuries predominantly consisted of third- and fourth-degree burns, alongside significant respiratory damage and barotrauma. These injuries were more severe than those from conventional thermal sources. Findings underscore the urgent need for effective prevention strategies and specialized medical responses, as traditional protective measures are inadequate against such high-risk weaponry. Recommendations include enhanced evacuation protocols and burn care.