Postoperative nausea and vomiting involve complex neural pathways

Evidence synthesized from various databases reveals that postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) are prevalent complications following surgeries with anesthesia, causing significant discomfort. The review identifies intricate neural mechanisms and signaling pathways that contribute to PONV, emphasizing the interaction of multiple pathways rather than independent functions. Key structures such as the nucleus of the solitary tract and the dorsal nucleus of the tenth nerve play pivotal roles in this integrated response, affecting both neural conduction and digestive system signaling.