Participation of ESQS-certified physicians was associated with lower risk of both indicated and technical conversion to laparotomy for rectal cancer patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery. Other factors influencing conversion included tumor diameter, combined resection of adjacent organs, and institution type. Referral to specialized centers, especially for high-risk patients, may improve outcomes.
Journal Article by Goto K, Watanabe J (…) Naitoh T et 9 al. in Surg Endosc
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