Immunotherapy transforms surgical management of advanced liver cancer.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors are reshaping treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, establishing new standards and encouraging further research. A combination of atezolizumab and bevacizumab shows high response rates, prompting investigations into their roles in peri-operative settings and liver transplantation. However, there are concerns regarding immunosuppression and graft rejection, necessitating careful patient selection and management. Ongoing studies will focus on optimizing outcomes and addressing the complexities of immunotherapy’s integration into surgical strategies for liver cancer.