A systematic review confirms that simulation training significantly boosts robotic surgical proficiency for trainees.
- Simulation improves performance metrics like gears (SMD 1.22) and OSATS (SMD 1.08).
- Task completion times improve (SMD -0.95), along with reduced error rates (SMD -1.03).
Integration of expert feedback and defined proficiency standards accelerates learning.
- Notable performance plateaus occur after 15 to 35 training sessions, with a median of 22.
Review by Coco D and Leanza S in J Robot Surg
© 2025. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature.