Advanced age and abnormal sodium levels significantly raise mortality in colectomy for colon cancer.

• Patients aged 65 and older have a 2.5 times higher risk of 30-day mortality.
• Both hyponatremia and hypernatremia are linked to increased mortality (OR 1.38 and 1.88, respectively).

Understanding these factors can guide better preoperative risk stratification and patient selection to improve outcomes.