• Of 132,243 residents studied, 82 deaths were recorded; 31.7% were due to suicide, particularly among first- and second-year residents.
• From 2015 to 2021, the all-cause mortality rate decreased to 13.6/100,000 person-years, but suicide rates remained concerning, accounting for 45.8% of deaths in that period.

Surgeons should be aware of the high suicide rates among residents, especially early in their training, emphasizing the need for enhanced support systems and preventive strategies.