Total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) offers significant advantages for locally advanced rectal cancer, enhancing overall survival and lowering recurrence rates compared to traditional methods. Clinical trials, including RAPIDO and OPRA, indicate TNT’s effectiveness in tumor downstaging and achieving complete pathological responses. Although debates about neoadjuvant radiotherapy continue, strategies like organ preservation through the watch-and-wait approach show […]
Category: Intestine and Lower Gastrointestinal Tract
New laparoscopic approach enhances outcomes for colon cancer surgery
A novel laparoscopic technique combining priority dissecting of the inferior mesenteric artery with a complete medial approach significantly improved surgical outcomes for left-sided colon cancer. In a study of 68 matched patients, those using the new method experienced shorter operation times (p=0.032), reduced blood loss (p=0.003), and a quicker hospital stay (p=0.011), while also harvesting […]
Primary repair leads to lower severe sepsis rates post-colon injury
Patients with complete spinal cord injury and colon injuries demonstrate reduced severe sepsis risk when undergoing primary repair or resection with primary anastomosis, compared to those receiving colostomy. In a study involving 99 colostomy patients matched with 215 undergoing primary repair, severe sepsis occurred in 13.1% versus 4.2%, respectively. This highlights the significance of surgical […]
Prediction models for disease-free survival in colon cancer
A prospective study developed and validated pre- and post-operative models for predicting disease-free survival (DFS) after curative right-sided hemicolectomy in colorectal cancer patients. The study tracked 822 patients, revealing 1, 3, and 5-year DFS rates of 85.6%, 72.5%, and 57.6%, respectively. Key risk factors for recurrence included increasing age, male gender, and advanced disease stage. […]
Preoperative NLR and PLR predict colorectal cancer prognosis
Analysis of 1,016 colorectal cancer patients revealed that preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) serve as significant predictors for long-term outcomes, particularly in anastomotic leakage cases. A cutoff of NLR ≥2.89 and PLR ≥157.62 indicated poor survival prognosis. Kaplan-Meier survival curves demonstrated significantly higher 5-year overall and disease-free survival rates in patients with […]
New Staging System Enhances Prognostication in Colon Cancer
A novel staging system integrating tumor deposits and positive lymph nodes significantly improved overall survival stratification in stage III colon cancer compared to existing AJCC staging. Analysis of 788 institutional and 77,790 national patients revealed increased ROC curve areas and concordance indices, demonstrating better prognostic accuracy. Notably, approximately 17.1% of patients were identified as understaged. […]
Dual-time-point radiomic models enhance prognosis prediction for colorectal liver metastasis
The dual-time-point radiomic models, developed using pre- and post-neoadjuvant therapy MRI features, effectively stratified colorectal liver metastasis patients undergoing surgery. In a study with 100 cases, post-neoadjuvant therapy models showed superior predictive power in overall and disease-free survival compared to pre-neoadjuvant therapy models. Fong score models did not perform as well. The integration of radiomic […]
Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Angiography Reduces Colorectal Surgery Leak Rates
Indocyanine green fluorescence angiography (ICGFA) significantly lowers anastomotic leak rates during colorectal surgery. Analysis of 45 studies involving 14,333 patients revealed overall leak rates of 4.5% with ICGFA compared to 8.5% without it (OR: 0.47, p < 0.001). Notably, in rectal resections, leaks occurred at 4.7% with ICGFA versus 11.5% without (OR: 0.38, p < […]
Simultaneous curative resection enhances survival in colorectal liver metastases
A study involving 716 patients with colorectal liver metastases found that simultaneous curative resection significantly improves overall survival compared to palliative treatment. Curative resection emerged as an independent prognostic factor, with a hazard ratio of 1.95 indicating nearly double the survival benefit. The research also developed an overall survival nomogram with strong predictive performance, showing […]
Finnish CRC screening program shows high early detection rates
Initial results from Finland’s colorectal cancer screening program indicate a high yield with 63 cases of CRC detected, including 49% diagnosed at early stage I. Among 23,388 participants, a 64% return rate for fecal immunochemical tests (FIT) was observed, with 79% of positive results leading to colonoscopy. The adenoma detection rate was also notable, with […]