Understanding the gut microbiome can enhance surgical outcomes and long-term cancer patient care.

• Perioperative synbiotics reduce infectious complications by 45% in colorectal surgery and 64% in major liver surgery.
• Preoperative oral care cuts post-esophagectomy pneumonia risk by 50%.

Targeted microbiome interventions are essential for optimizing surgical recovery and minimizing complications.

• Antibiotic exposure prior to melanoma treatment may reduce immunotherapy effectiveness, but fecal microbiota transplantation can improve response rates by up to 80%.