Patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) who required conversion from laparoscopic to open surgery were studied to determine the risk factors and outcomes associated with this conversion. Tumor proximity to major vessels and previous upper abdominal surgery were identified as independent predictors of unplanned conversions. Surgical conversions resulted in longer operative times, increased blood loss, higher transfusion rates, longer hospital stays, and higher rates of major morbidity compared to successful laparoscopic liver resections. However, there was no significant difference in mortality between the two groups.
Journal Article by Sheng Y, Zheng J (…) Liang X et 2 al. in Surg Endosc
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