Identification of Teaching Frameworks for Surgical Residents in Intraoperative Settings

Effective intraoperative teaching in surgery is crucial for resident education. A scoping review of 66 studies reveals the BID model (Briefing, Intraoperative Teaching, and Debriefing) as a foundational framework for organizing teaching interactions. Preoperative briefing, intraoperative teaching, and postoperative debriefing enhance learning experiences, with emphasis on goal setting and communication. Teaching tools like OpTrust and the Zwisch scale contribute to assessment. The study underscores the need for ongoing research on the impact of teaching frameworks and assessment tools on resident performance and competency-based education.