This study shows that historical redlining and current housing discrimination significantly impact firearm violence in Chicago, particularly affecting marginalized communities.

• Redlined areas have shooting rates almost 8 times higher than non-redlined zones (irr 7.90).
• Current housing discrimination measures are each independently linked to increased shootings.

Addressing the roots of these disparities is crucial for improving community safety and informing surgical care priorities in affected populations.

• Redlining contributes 77-97% of the total shooting effects, while current discrimination contributes 8-22%.