In a study involving 1,150 colorectal cancer cases, a multidisciplinary tumor board (MDTB) led to a 28.3% modification rate in treatment plans post-discussion. Specific changes included a 24.1% alteration in radiological assessments, a 36.1% change in surgical strategies, and a 31.9% adjustment in radiotherapy recommendations. The findings underscore the MDTB’s vital role in enhancing treatment […]
Category: Intestine and Lower Gastrointestinal Tract
Enhanced surgical strategies improve outcomes for anorectal fistula management
Anorectal fistulas present significant challenges in colorectal surgery, necessitating precise anatomical understanding for effective treatment. Recent findings highlight that modern imaging techniques achieve up to 98% accuracy in identifying fistula anatomy. Surgical success rates vary widely, achieving 92-97% for simple cases, while complex cases yield 40-95% success with sphincter-sparing approaches. Additionally, emerging minimally invasive therapies […]
Balloon-assisted enteroscopy reduces surgical interventions for intussusception
A study of 53 patients with adult small-bowel intussusception reveals balloon-assisted enteroscopy (BAE) as a pivotal tool in management. Among patients diagnosed via CT, those receiving preoperative double-balloon enteroscopy had lower surgical resection rates (40% vs. 73.9%, p=0.037) and a more favorable diagnosis profile, with a higher percentage of benign cases. The findings suggest BAE […]
Continuous cefoxitin infusion shows promise for reducing surgical site infections.
A clinical trial aims to determine if a loading dose of cefoxitin followed by continuous infusion reduces surgical site infections (SSIs) in colorectal surgery compared to intermittent bolus administration. Conducted across multiple centers with 2000 patients, the study seeks to demonstrate that this alternative administration method is superior, potentially decreasing SSI rates, which range from […]
AQCS enhances adenoma detection rates in routine colonoscopy
A study involving 1,254 participants revealed that an automatic quality control system (AQCS) significantly improved adenoma detection rates during routine colonoscopy. The AQCS-assisted group achieved a detection rate of 32.7% compared to 22.6% in the standard group (relative risk 1.60, p
Machine learning effectively predicts gastroparesis risk in surgery patients
Advanced machine learning techniques, particularly the xgboost algorithm, have shown exceptional predictive accuracy for identifying the risk of postoperative gastroparesis in colon cancer patients after complete mesocolic excision. From a cohort of 1,097 patients, featuring 87 gastroparesis cases, xgboost achieved an area under the curve of 0.939 for training and 0.876 for validation. This predictive […]
Non-enhanced abbreviated MRI outperforms contrast-enhanced CT for liver metastases detection
In a prospective study involving 587 colorectal cancer patients, non-enhanced abbreviated MRI (ne-amri) demonstrated superior diagnostic accuracy for liver metastases detection compared to contrast-enhanced CT (ce-ct). Across three surveillance rounds, ne-amri consistently showed higher lesion-based detection rates and better patient-based metrics, including sensitivity and specificity. Notably, it outperformed ce-ct even for lesions ≤ 10 mm. […]
Effective measures identified for reducing postoperative ileus
A systematic review of 37 studies involving 4,647 patients revealed that chewing gum, electroacupuncture, and prokinetic agents significantly reduce the time to passage of the first flatus and stool, thereby mitigating postoperative ileus. Electroacupuncture reduced flatus passage by an impressive 18.33 hours, while prokinetic agents decreased stool passage time by 32.27 hours. Other methods like […]
Circulating tumor DNA strongly predicts recurrence risk in colorectal cancer.
A tumor-informed circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) assay was found to be highly prognostic for recurrence risk in stage III colorectal cancer patients. Among 124 patients analyzed over a median follow-up of 4.8 years, ctDNA status exhibited a significant association with recurrence-free survival. The estimated 3-year recurrence-free survival rates were markedly different between ctDNA positive (54.5% […]
Colectomy outcomes are similar for nonmalignant polyps and colon cancer
A study involving 47,960 patients aimed to compare postoperative outcomes for colectomies regarding nonmalignant polyps (NMP) and colon cancer, revealing no significant differences in mortality, reoperation, and anastomotic leak rates. Specifically, mortality was 0.6% for colon cancer and 0.5% for NMP, while anastomotic leak rates were 2.4% and 2.2%, respectively. Although some 30-day complications differed, […]