A retrospective analysis of 122,778 patients revealed that nonoperative management (NOM) of small bowel obstruction (SBO) significantly increases the likelihood of readmission and mortality. Readmission occurred in 29.8% of cases, with NOM patients exhibiting a 32% higher risk of readmission compared to those who underwent operative management (OM). Notably, NOM patients had a 50% greater […]
Category: Intestine and Lower Gastrointestinal Tract
Indocyanine Green Imaging Cuts Colorectal Surgery Leak Rates Significantly
Indocyanine green fluorescence imaging markedly reduces anastomotic leakage risk in colorectal surgery, as evidenced by a meta-analysis of eight randomized trials encompassing over 4,000 patients. The risk ratio of leakage dropped to 0.66, indicating a significant improvement in surgical outcomes. While it may slightly extend recovery and procedure durations, the clear benefits in decreasing leaks […]
AI outperforms clinicians in post-surgical decisions for colorectal cancer
In a rigorous analysis of 202 T1 colorectal cancer cases, large language models (ChatGPT-4o and DeepSeek) outclassed human clinicians in adherence to treatment guidelines after endoscopic resection. The study revealed a worrying guideline adherence rate below 80% among clinicians, while AI tools significantly improved decision accuracy across varied experience levels and professional backgrounds, regardless of […]
Tailored Surveillance Improves Outcomes in Mucinous Appendix Cancer
Mucinous appendix cancer (MAC) recurrence varies significantly by histology and critical postoperative periods. In a study of 385 patients, relapse risk was highest shortly after cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy: 1.0, 2.6, and 3.8 per 10 person-years for low-grade, high-grade, and signet-ring cell cancers, respectively. Researchers recommend individualized follow-up schedules every 5.5 to 18 […]
Robot-assisted surgery outperforms traditional methods in rectal cancer outcomes
Robot-assisted rectal cancer surgery significantly reduces complications and hospital stays while achieving superior 5-year overall survival (95%) and relapse-free survival (93%). In a cohort of 28,711 patients, robot-assisted procedures demonstrated the highest success rates compared to laparoscopic and open surgeries. Although short-term advantages are evident, the long-term benefits continue to be scrutinized, marking robot-assisted techniques […]
Japan’s Rectal Cancer Surgery Shows Improved Outcomes Post-Pandemic
Analysis of over 109,000 low anterior resections reveals a significant reduction in major complications after the COVID-19 pandemic, with anastomotic leakage rates dropping from 9.8% to 7.1%. The use of robotic surgery surged from 16.8% to 41.2% of procedures, highlighting a shift in surgical practice. Although surgeries declined during the pandemic, rates returned to pre-pandemic […]
New Scoring System Identifies Risk Factors for Prolonged Robotic Rectal Surgery
A novel predictive scoring system for robot-assisted low anterior resection reveals eight preoperative risk factors linked to prolonged pelvic operation time. Analyzing data from 343 patients, factors such as male sex, high BMI, and tumor proximity to the anal verge emerged as critical indicators. This model demonstrates high performance, with an area under the curve […]
Lymph Node Dissection’s Impact on Survival Varies by Colon Cancer Location
Analyzing data from over 33,000 patients, lymph node dissection demonstrates varying therapeutic value based on tumor location in non-metastatic colon cancer. The therapeutic value index (TVI) was highest for cecal and transverse cancers at specific nodal stations, indicating a need for tailored surgical strategies. Notably, dissection’s importance in descending colon cancer remains under debate, suggesting […]
Intracorporeal Anastomosis Cuts Incisional Hernia Risk in Laparoscopic Surgery
Intracorporeal ileocolic anastomosis (ICA) significantly reduces incisional hernia rates in laparoscopic right hemicolectomy compared to extracorporeal anastomosis (ECA). Despite a longer mean operative time (190 vs. 170 minutes), the 24-month hernia incidence plummeted to 1.2% with ICA versus 14.7% with ECA. Patients also benefited from shorter hospital stays and fewer wound complications, solidifying ICA’s advantage […]
Nearly 25% of Rectal Cancer Patients Face Parastomal Hernia After Surgery
In a cohort of 836 rectal cancer patients, 24.8% developed parastomal hernias (PSH) within 85 months following abdominoperineal resection. Key risk factors included female sex, age over 60, and a BMI of 24 or higher. The study also introduces a nomogram for predicting PSH risk, enabling clinicians to personalize prevention strategies such as stoma positioning […]