A pathology-based predictive model for positive surgical margins (PSM) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has been established and validated. Analysis of 1,776 patients revealed that multifocal lesions, vascular invasion, and pathomics-based features significantly predict PSM. The decision tree model displayed excellent discrimination with an area under the ROC curve of 0.899, while the nomogram […]
Category: Upper Gastrointestinal Tract
Modified nutritional index predicts survival in elderly gastric cancer patients
A novel modified nutritional index model (mcns) demonstrated high predictive value for long-term survival among elderly patients with advanced gastric cancer. Analyzing data from 555 patients, the study identified tumor size, pn, and the modified nutritional score (mconut) as independent prognostic factors, improving patient risk stratification. Notably, patients in the low-risk group benefiting from adjuvant […]
New treatment guidelines enhance management of esophageal and gastric cancer.
Comprehensive updates on the treatment of esophageal and gastric cancer emphasize the crucial role of perioperative systemic therapy. Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by postoperative immunotherapy is standard for locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma, while perioperative FLOT chemotherapy shows superior outcomes for adenocarcinoma. Promising results are also noted for MSI-high tumor patients receiving neoadjuvant immunotherapy. The focus […]
Modified apprenticeship models could enhance esophageal ESD training.
Endoscopic resection techniques, like ESD, offer safer alternatives to esophagectomy for esophageal cancer. While ESD provides complete histopathological assessment, a consensus on training models remains elusive. The effectiveness of Japan’s apprenticeship model contrasts with the West’s comprehensive methods that combine various training approaches. Researchers suggest adapting a modified apprenticeship model to optimize ESD training outcomes. […]
Severe postoperative muscle loss links to poor outcomes in gastric cancer
A systematic review and meta-analysis revealed that 25.7% of gastric cancer patients experience severe postoperative skeletal muscle loss, which significantly correlates with poorer overall survival (OS), recurrence-free survival (RFS), disease-free survival (DFS), and disease-specific survival (DSS). Results indicate a hazard ratio of 2.27 for OS and 4.12 for DSS, highlighting the urgency for nutritional and […]
Plasma metabolites show causal links to gastric cancer development
A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study investigated 1400 plasma metabolites and their relationship with gastric cancer (GC). The study identified metabolites such as 3R-dihydroxybutyrate and methyl indole-3-acetate positively associated with GC, while asparagine and glucose to maltose ratio were negatively linked. Additionally, 18 significant metabolic pathways were highlighted, including arginine and proline metabolism. These findings provide […]
Endoscopic Submucosal Tunneling Techniques outperform Flexible Endoscopic Septotomy
A systematic review and meta-analysis involving 759 patients revealed that endoscopic submucosal tunneling techniques (ESTT) provide a higher probability of clinical success for treating Zenker’s diverticulum compared to flexible endoscopic septotomy (FES). While both methods showed similar rates of technical success, operative time, and hospital stay, ESTT had a tendency toward lower recurrence rates. These […]
Laparoscopic fundoplication normalizes esophageal motility in GERD patients
Laparoscopic fundoplication (LF) significantly enhances esophageal motility in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) patients, despite varying motility statuses. An analysis of 124 patients revealed favorable outcomes in 103 cases post-surgery, linking successful LF to improved motility. This study, which included laparoscopic Nissen and Toupet fundoplications, demonstrated nil 90-day mortality, underscoring LF’s effectiveness as a treatment option […]
Endoscopic stenting shows comparable outcomes with lower costs for gastric outlet obstruction
Endoscopic stenting (ES) and gastrojejunostomy (GJ) result in similar short-term morbidity and mortality rates for malignant gastric outlet obstruction. However, patients who underwent GJ faced higher costs exceeding $15,800 and longer hospital stays by over 6.9 days. Analysis revealed that while GJ increased the likelihood of blood transfusions and postoperative total parenteral nutrition usage, the […]
New algorithm effectively identifies gastric cancer cases in Japan
A validated claims-based algorithm successfully identifies incident gastric cancer cases and determines progression phases in Japan. It demonstrated a positive predictive value of up to 95.9% and sensitivity rates reaching 98.9% in validation cohorts. This advancement enables better analysis of real-world gastric cancer scenarios, facilitating improved decision-making in treatment options. By addressing issues associated with […]