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Updated guidelines improve colorectal cancer surveillance in IBD

New guidelines emphasize the ongoing colorectal cancer risk in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients despite improved therapies. Developed by UK stakeholders, the guidelines present 73 statements focusing on factors including surveillance intervals, service organization, and the importance of patient collaboration. Key areas include dysplasia management, risk assessment, and the integration of advanced technologies like artificial intelligence. The updated recommendations aim to enhance surveillance quality and patient outcomes while addressing critical training and research priorities.

Journal Article by East JE, Gordon M (…) Morris AJ et 25 al. in Gut

© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2025. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ Group.

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Machine learning model predicts anastomotic strictures post-surgery

A novel machine learning model demonstrates the potential to predict anastomotic strictures in patients following esophageal cancer surgery. Analyzing data from 1,549 patients, the gradient boosting machine achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.886 in the training set and 0.872 in the validation set. Key predictive variables included anastomotic leakage, suture method, and neoadjuvant therapy. This model may enhance early detection and management of complications, ultimately improving patient outcomes.

Journal Article by Hu J, Liu Q (…) Shu Y et 6 al. in Surg Endosc

© 2025. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.

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Deep learning model achieves high accuracy in ureter identification

A deep learning computer vision model demonstrated precise real-time identification of the left ureter during laparoscopic sigmoidectomy, achieving a mean average precision of 0.92. Key evaluation metrics, including precision, recall, and dice coefficient, reached impressive values of 0.94, 0.88, and 0.90, respectively. Operating at 32 frames per second, the model significantly aids surgical navigation. Despite limitations such as sample size and lack of external validation, results indicate strong potential for enhancing surgical safety and outcomes.

Journal Article by Khojah B, Enani G (…) Alhalabi W et 4 al. in Surg Endosc

© 2025. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.

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Refluxstop surgery shows promise for large hiatal hernia patients

A cohort study of 99 patients in Switzerland evaluated refluxstop surgery’s efficacy for treating gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in those with small and large hiatal hernias (HH). The study reported no significant differences in adverse events between groups. Notable improvements in GERD-HRQL scores were found: 93.8% improvement for large HH and 85.7% for small HH at one-year follow-up. The findings suggest refluxstop as a viable option for patients with large HH, offering favorable outcomes and low risk.

Comparative Study by Borbély Y, Kroell D (…) Zehetner J et 3 al. in Hernia

© 2025. The Author(s).

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Laparoscopic and open surgery for T4A gastric cancer compared

A randomized controlled trial intends to evaluate the non-inferiority of laparoscopic distal gastrectomy (LDG) versus open distal gastrectomy (ODG) in treating clinically resectable T4A gastric cancer. With 240 participants, the trial will assess 3-year disease-free survival alongside secondary outcomes such as morbidity, mortality, recovery, and quality of life. This pioneering study aims to establish LDG’s efficacy while potentially reducing postoperative complications in the context of T4A gastric cancer management.

Journal Article by Dat TQ, Thong DQ (…) Long VD et 4 al. in BMC Surg

© 2025. The Author(s).

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Introduction of biologics significantly reduced colectomy rates in ulcerative colitis patients

A 22-year retrospective study of 1,197 ulcerative colitis patients reveals that the introduction of biological agents has drastically cut colectomy rates from 12% to 2%. This major finding underscores the importance of achieving mucosal remission and maintaining low CRP levels to further reduce the necessity for surgery. Key predictors of colectomy include steroid dependency, steroid resistance, failure of mucosal remission, and elevated CRP levels, which can guide earlier interventions.

Journal Article by Tukek NB, Bakkaloglu OK (…) Erzin YZ et 3 al. in Scand J Gastroenterol

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Active wound dressing reduces pain and enhances healing after surgery

Active wound dressings significantly reduce postoperative pain and accelerate wound healing in patients following anorectal surgery. In a study with 110 participants, pain scores were notably lower in those receiving active dressings on days 1, 3, and 7 post-operation. Furthermore, the wound healing rates were higher and healing times shorter compared to conventional dressings. Enhanced levels of growth factors and decreased inflammatory factors were observed in the active dressing group, indicating improved recovery outcomes.

Journal Article by Qie G, Wan M (…) Liu Q et 2 al. in BMC Gastroenterol

© 2025. The Author(s).

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Post-hepatectomy liver failure models show high bias risk

A systematic review of 34 studies on post-hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) models reveals a troubling risk of bias across all analyses. While most models utilized diverse predictive data types, their validation performance lagged significantly behind development metrics. The area under the curve for training models varied widely, indicating inconsistent predictive accuracy. Researchers highlight the urgent need for improved analytical practices and quality assessment tools, especially as artificial intelligence evolves in medical modeling.

Journal Article by Wang X, Zhu MX (…) He KL et 6 al. in World J Hepatol

©The Author(s) 2025. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.

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Key factors predict recurrence of advanced colorectal adenomas.

Findings indicate that age (≥45 years), male sex, and certain baseline colonoscopic findings are critical predictors of metachronous advanced colorectal adenomas post-polypectomy. Among 2,013 patients, those with multiple small or advanced adenomas showed significantly higher risks, with odds ratios of 3.27 and 5.41, respectively. These results suggest that tailoring post-polypectomy surveillance based on adenoma characteristics could enhance follow-up efficacy and improve outcomes for patients at elevated risk of recurrence.

Journal Article by Chang TH, Chong LW (…) Lin YM et 4 al. in J Chin Med Assoc

Copyright © 2025, the Chinese Medical Association.

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Gabapentin effectively reduces postoperative pain in abdominal surgery.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of 22 studies involving 1,812 patients revealed gabapentin’s significant efficacy in postoperative pain management for abdominal surgery. It notably decreased pain levels, opioid consumption, and rates of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), positioning gabapentin as a beneficial component of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols. Despite varying results across studies, the compelling findings advocate for further investigation into optimal dosing and safety measures, particularly for vulnerable populations.

Review by Molla YD and Alemu HT in Health Sci Rep

© 2025 The Author(s). Health Science Reports published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.

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