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aMAP Score Predicts Long-term Outcomes in HCC Resection

A proposed model called the aMAP score was evaluated for its ability to predict long-term outcomes in patients undergoing resection for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The results showed that a high aMAP score was associated with poorer 5-year overall survival (OS) rates compared to a low aMAP score. The aMAP score was also found to be predictive of postoperative outcomes within and beyond the Milan criteria, suggesting its potential as a prognostic tool for HCC resection.

Journal Article by Tsilimigras DI, Endo Y (…) Pawlik TM et 15 al. in HPB (Oxford)

Copyright © 2024 International Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Association Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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High Resection to Exploration Ratios and Variable Survival Outcomes in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Patients

Researchers conducted a study to investigate resection to exploration ratios (RER) and outcomes in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). The overall RER was found to be 89.7%, with higher ratios observed in upfront explorations compared to post-neoadjuvant explorations. The primary reasons for uncompleted resection were occult metastases in presumed resectable/borderline resectable disease and local unresectability in locally advanced disease. Uncompleted resection was associated with a median survival of around one year, while post-pancreatectomy survival varied depending on the treatment setting, with a median of 36.9 months in the upfront setting and 29.5 months following neoadjuvant treatment.

Journal Article by Malleo G, Casciani F (…) Salvia R et 7 al. in Ann Surg

Copyright © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Long-term Oncological Outcomes of Robotic and Laparoscopic Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer

The multicentre cohort study aimed to compare the long-term oncological outcomes between robotic gastrectomy (RG) and laparoscopic gastrectomy (LG) for patients with gastric cancer. The study included a total of 2,055 patients who underwent RG and 4,309 patients who underwent LG. After matching the patients using propensity scores, the study found that RG and LG had similar disease-free survival rates at 3 years (80.8% for RG and 79.5% for LG) as well as overall survival rates (83.9% for RG and 81.8% for LG). The study concluded that RG and LG are associated with comparable disease-free and overall survival in gastric cancer patients.

Journal Article by Li ZY, Wei B (…) Zhao YL et 20 al. in Br J Surg

© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of BJS Foundation Ltd. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

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Combining Oncolytic Virus and CD19-CAR-T Cells Shows Promise in Treating Pancreatic Cancer

A study found that combining an oncolytic virus with CD19-Chimeric Antigen Receptor-T (CAR-T) cells was effective in treating pancreatic cancer. The engineered virus successfully infected and expressed CD19 on tumor cells, leading to an increased immune response and cell killing when co-cultured with CD19-CAR-T cells. In combination therapy, the virus and CAR-T cells significantly reduced tumor size compared to control groups. These findings suggest a potential universal CAR-T cell strategy for solid tumors by leveraging oncolytic viruses.

Journal Article by Chen C, Park AK (…) Fong Y et 5 al. in J Am Coll Surg

Copyright © 2024 by the American College of Surgeons. Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

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The Impact of Socioeconomic Deprivation on Access to Guideline-Concordant Treatment in Foregut Cancer

High socioeconomic deprivation, as measured by the area deprivation index (ADI), significantly reduces the likelihood of receiving guideline-concordant treatment (GCT) for foregut cancers. In a retrospective study of 498 patients, 66% received GCT, with lower rates observed in pancreatic, gastric, and hepatobiliary cancers. Factors independently associated with non-receipt of GCT included age ≥75 years, black race, high ADI, longer intervals between symptoms and work-up, diagnosis and oncology appointment, and oncology appointment and treatment. Interventions focusing on reducing barriers, such as community outreach and telehealth, are recommended to improve access to GCT.

Journal Article by Fonseca AL, Ahmad R (…) Heslin MJ et 6 al. in J Am Coll Surg

Copyright © 2024 by the American College of Surgeons. Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Active Gas Aspiration Reduces Postoperative Pain in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

Active gas aspiration was found to be more effective than passive gas aspiration in reducing postoperative pain and analgesic requirements in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. This systematic review and meta-analysis included 5 randomized clinical trials with 367 participants and found that active gas aspiration resulted in significantly lower residual gas volume and total analgesia requirements. Furthermore, active gas aspiration led to significantly lower shoulder pain scores at 24 hours postoperatively. The findings suggest that active gas aspiration can play a crucial role in improving patient care and reducing healthcare costs in laparoscopic cholecystectomy procedures.

Review by Haneef AK, Aljohani EA (…) Ageel AH et 6 al. in Surg Endosc

© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.

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Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic Surge on Surgical Outcomes: No Increase in Mortality or Morbidity

Despite the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, a retrospective study of 7436 patients undergoing surgery found no evidence of increased 30-day mortality or morbidity during the pandemic surges compared to non-surge periods. Surgical care was successfully maintained, suggesting that healthcare systems effectively adapted to the challenges. The study analyzed data from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database and utilized multivariable logistic regression for analysis.

Journal Article by Yoshida T, Chude-Sokei R, Araji T and Adra S in Am Surg

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Extended Chemoprophylaxis Reduces Portomesenteric Vein Thrombosis Rates but Increases Postoperative Bleeding in Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy Patients

Routine extended (30 days) chemoprophylaxis for laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (SG) may decrease portomesenteric vein thrombosis (PMVT) rates. A study of 8,864 SG patients revealed that implementing routine extended chemoprophylaxis significantly reduced PMVT occurrences, but at the cost of a higher postoperative bleeding rate. The majority of increased bleeds were delayed and managed non-operatively.

Journal Article by Cuva D, Somoza E (…) Parikh M et 6 al. in Surg Obes Relat Dis

Copyright © 2023 American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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Significant advancements in prevention, detection, and treatment have led to an increase in the survival rate of colorectal cancer

Colorectal cancer, a common neoplasm, is increasing in developing countries due to the adoption of Western dietary and lifestyle habits. However, mortality rates have been decreasing in countries with effective prevention and treatment strategies. Routine screenings, improved imaging techniques, surgical advancements, and advancements in chemotherapy and radiation have contributed to earlier detection, accurate staging, and improved survival rates. The stage at diagnosis remains the most important predictor of survival, and screening programs have successfully reduced incidence and mortality rates.

Review by Marcellinaro R, Spoletini D (…) Carlini M et 6 al. in J Clin Med

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Early Onset Pancreatic Cancer Burden Increasing Worldwide, Especially in Asia and Eastern Europe

Early-onset pancreatic cancer (EOPC) in younger populations is characterized by poor differentiation and is increasing globally. According to the Global Burden of Disease Study, there were 36,852 new cases and 32,004 deaths from EOPC in 2019. East Asia had the highest number of cases, while Central and Eastern Europe had notably high burden. Incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life-years for EOPC showed an increasing pattern globally. Known risk factors such as tobacco smoking, high body-mass index, and high fasting plasma glucose contributed to the burden. Additional preventive efforts are needed, particularly in high-risk populations.

Journal Article by Li Z, Zhang X (…) Zhao D et 3 al. in Int J Surg

Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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