Elective surgeries may carry different risks based on patients’ glycemic status rather than just diabetes diagnosis.

• In a study of over 2 million hospitalizations, 9.16% of patients with diabetes and hyperglycemia had major adverse events, compared to 5.31% without diabetes.
• Patients with diabetes without hyperglycemia had a modest increased risk (5.85%) with a number needed to harm of 183.
• Clinically recognized hyperglycemia significantly increases perioperative risk (aOR 2.00) and should be prioritized in risk stratification for elective surgeries.

Surgeons can significantly enhance antimicrobial prescribing practices through targeted education, tackling the critical issue of antibiotic misuse.

• Educational interventions led to better antibiotic selection, timing, and duration.
• Review included 17 studies, primarily from high-income, tertiary hospitals, emphasizing pre-post design effectiveness.

These findings underscore the importance of implementing educational strategies to strengthen antimicrobial stewardship in surgical practices.

• Multimodal approaches, such as lectures and guidelines, were notably effective in achieving these improvements.

Surgical subspecialties are striving for greater diversity through targeted mentorship for underrepresented minorities.

• Only 18 of 255 studies highlighted programs for URIM students, mainly at medical school (11) and high school (3) levels.
• Outreach can effectively boost interest in surgery among URIM individuals, though vascular surgery lacks any dedicated programs.

Increasing mentorship initiatives across all levels and subspecialties is crucial for improving diversity in the surgical workforce.

A novel journal club enhances resident training and engagement in trauma surgery.

• Residents improved critical appraisal skills and public speaking abilities.
• Faculty valued direct interactions with study authors on methodology and clinical relevance.

This low-resource model fosters meaningful discussions without the logistical burdens of in-person events.

• Participating experts gained visibility and scholarly dissemination with minimal time investment.