Esophageal cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiation followed by esophagectomy were examined to identify high-risk predictors of residual carcinoma. The study found that the presence of stricture, positive biopsy, signet ring cell histology, and a maximum standardized uptake value (SUV max) >5.4 in the absence of esophagitis were associated with residual cancer. External validation confirmed […]
Category: General Surgery
Impact of Persistent Poverty on Cancer Diagnosis, Treatment, and Survival
Disparities in cancer outcomes were found in counties with persistent poverty since 1980, significantly affecting diagnosis, surgical resection, and survival rates for patients with non-small cell lung (nsclc), breast, and colorectal cancer. Patients in persistent poverty were more likely to present with advanced disease, less likely to undergo surgery, and had increased cancer-specific mortality compared […]
Improvement in Neighborhood Deprivation Exacerbates Surgical Disparities
A study examining the association between neighborhood deprivation and postoperative outcomes for Medicare beneficiaries found that while lower neighborhood deprivation is linked to improved outcomes for both white and black patients, the benefits disproportionately favor white patients. White beneficiaries experienced a significant decrease in mortality, complication rates, and readmission rates as neighborhood deprivation decreased. In […]
Low Reliability of Complications and Patient Satisfaction Measures among Surgeons Performing Common Surgical Procedures
Outcomes of complications and patient satisfaction are frequently used to evaluate surgeons, but this study finds that these measures have low reliability. The research involved 333 surgeons who performed cholecystectomy, colectomy, and hernia repair on 23,533 patients. The reliability of complication rates was only 0.27, while the reliability of high satisfaction rates was 0.53. Reliability […]
Odor Enrichment Mitigates Surgery-Induced Cognitive Impairment
Patients with delayed neurocognitive recovery (DNCR) exhibited worse odor identification compared to those without DNCR. Anesthesia/surgery induced olfactory and cognitive impairment, increased levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), reduced olfactory receptor neurons and synapses in mice. Odor enrichment and IL-6 antibody alleviated these effects. The study suggests that anesthesia/surgery-induced olfactory impairment may contribute to DNCR in patients […]
Adjuvant Therapy Timing Impact on PDAC Prognosis: Significance in Transitional Circulating Tumor Cells
The study found that a delay in the initiation of adjuvant therapy in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is associated with worse recurrence-free survival only in those who have transitional circulating tumor cells (trCTCs) after surgical resection. The presence of trCTCs and the absence of adjuvant therapy were both linked to poorer prognosis. However, […]
Total Pancreatectomy with Islet Autotransplantation: A Safer Alternative to Pancreaticoduodenectomy in High-risk Patients
In a prospective randomized trial, researchers compared pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) and total pancreatectomy (TP) with islet autotransplantation (IAT) in high-risk patients. They found that TP-IAT had a lower morbidity rate and shorter postoperative stay compared to PD. PD was associated with a higher risk of complications, while TP-IAT had a higher risk of diabetes. However, most […]
Laparoscopic pancreatoduodenectomy (LPD) is feasible and as safe and efficient as open pancreatoduodenectomy (OPD) when performed by highly skilled surgeons in high-volume centers
LPD and OPD were compared in this study, and it was found that LPD is feasible and equally safe and efficient as OPD when performed by highly skilled surgeons in high-volume centers. LPD has a shorter length of hospital stay, shorter ICU stay, lower blood loss, lower blood transfusion rate, and lower surgical site infection […]
Surgical Principles for Small Bowel Neuroendocrine Tumor Resection
Small bowel neuroendocrine tumors (SB-NETs) are increasingly identified and have become the most frequent entity among small bowel tumors. Surgical treatment goals include control of tumor volume, endocrine secretion, and prevention of locoregional complications. The study presents eight steps for systematic surgical planning and execution of resection. The role of primary tumor resection in the […]
Long-term Survival in Patients with Colorectal Peritoneal Carcinomatosis Treated with CRS/HIPEC
Actual 5-year survival rates after cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS/HIPEC) for patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) of colorectal origin were reported in this study. A total of 103 patients were analyzed, with a median follow-up of survivors at 88 months. The 5-year overall survival (OS) was 36%, and the median OS was 42.5 […]