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Machine-learning model predicts postoperative infection risk after surgery

Post author By STITCHES Newsletter
Post date 07/02/2025
Categories In Cytoreductive Surgery & Peritoneum, General Surgery

A machine-learning model, specifically the extreme gradient boost (XGBoost), was developed to predict postoperative infection following cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy with splenectomy. The model demonstrated excellent prediction accuracy, achieving an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.910 in preliminary testing and 0.823 in external validation. Data was analyzed from a cohort of 1,016 patients, with 21% experiencing postoperative infections, highlighting the algorithm’s potential for early diagnosis and treatment initiation.

Journal Article by Winicki NM, Radomski SN (…) Greer JB et 2 al. in Ann Surg Oncol

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Effective measures identified for reducing postoperative ileus

Post author By STITCHES Newsletter
Post date 07/02/2025
Categories In General Surgery, Intestine and Lower Gastrointestinal Tract

A systematic review of 37 studies involving 4,647 patients revealed that chewing gum, electroacupuncture, and prokinetic agents significantly reduce the time to passage of the first flatus and stool, thereby mitigating postoperative ileus. Electroacupuncture reduced flatus passage by an impressive 18.33 hours, while prokinetic agents decreased stool passage time by 32.27 hours. Other methods like daikenchuto and coffee showed less effective outcomes. These insights can optimize recovery strategies in gastrointestinal surgery.

Review by Sarmiento-Altamirano D, Arce-Jara D, Balarezo-Guerrero P and Valdivieso-Espinoza R in J Gastrointest Surg

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Circulating tumor DNA strongly predicts recurrence risk in colorectal cancer.

Post author By STITCHES Newsletter
Post date 07/02/2025
Categories In General Surgery, Intestine and Lower Gastrointestinal Tract

A tumor-informed circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) assay was found to be highly prognostic for recurrence risk in stage III colorectal cancer patients. Among 124 patients analyzed over a median follow-up of 4.8 years, ctDNA status exhibited a significant association with recurrence-free survival. The estimated 3-year recurrence-free survival rates were markedly different between ctDNA positive (54.5% after surgery, 18.2% after therapy) and negative patients (96.1% and 90.0%, respectively), emphasizing its predictive value.

Journal Article by Diergaarde B, Young G (…) Schoen RE et 7 al. in J Surg Oncol

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TEAD1 expression predicts liver regeneration outcomes post-ALPPS

Post author By STITCHES Newsletter
Post date 07/02/2025
Categories In General Surgery, HPB & Spleen

TEAD1 expression correlates with liver regeneration outcomes in patients undergoing ALPPS, a two-stage surgical procedure. Analysis of tumor-free liver tissue from 44 patients reveals that nuclear and cytoplasmic scores of TEAD1 serve as predictive markers for clinical outcomes. The study also notes that TEAD family members are expressed in individual hepatocytes, indicating relationships with regeneration metrics and clinical results, independent of broader influencing factors. These findings emphasize the importance of TEAD1 in predicting post-surgical liver recovery.

Journal Article by Küchler M, Ehmke M (…) Oldhafer KJ et 8 al. in HPB (Oxford)

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Emphasizing patient-reported outcomes in hernia surgery

The AFTERHERNIA Project aims to prioritize patient-reported outcomes in groin and ventral hernia repairs, moving beyond traditional focus on clinical metrics. By surveying Danish patients over a decade, the initiative collects data through specialized questionnaires, linking patient experiences with clinical outcomes and long-term complications. This approach seeks to transform current clinical guidelines and enhance patient care practices by providing comprehensive insights into the quality of life impacts following hernia surgery.

Journal Article by Gram-Hanssen A, Baker JJ (…) Rosenberg J et 2 al. in Hernia

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Sleeve Gastrectomy Outperforms Semaglutide for Weight Loss

Post author By STITCHES Newsletter
Post date 06/02/2025
Categories In General Surgery, Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery

In a study comparing weight loss outcomes between sleeve gastrectomy (SG) and semaglutide in a minority population, SG demonstrated superior weight loss after 12 months. The cohort, primarily consisting of African American (67%) and Hispanic (21%) patients with a mean BMI of 55 kg/m², included 206 participants. Results indicated that semaglutide may be less effective for those with severe obesity, highlighting a need for further research into the efficacy of GLP-1 agonists in diverse populations.

Journal Article by Masrur MA, Manueli Laos EG (…) Schlottmann F et 3 al. in Obes Surg

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Colectomy outcomes are similar for nonmalignant polyps and colon cancer

Post author By STITCHES Newsletter
Post date 06/02/2025
Categories In General Surgery, Intestine and Lower Gastrointestinal Tract

A study involving 47,960 patients aimed to compare postoperative outcomes for colectomies regarding nonmalignant polyps (NMP) and colon cancer, revealing no significant differences in mortality, reoperation, and anastomotic leak rates. Specifically, mortality was 0.6% for colon cancer and 0.5% for NMP, while anastomotic leak rates were 2.4% and 2.2%, respectively. Although some 30-day complications differed, the findings suggest similar surgical outcomes for both conditions, recommending enhanced endoscopic approaches for NMP.

Journal Article by Alipouriani A, Erkaya M (…) Gorgun E et 6 al. in J Surg Res

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Analysis reveals advancements in anal fistula treatment for Crohn’s disease

Post author By STITCHES Newsletter
Post date 06/02/2025
Categories In General Surgery, Intestine and Lower Gastrointestinal Tract

A bibliometric study of 1,608 articles from 1994 to 2024 highlights the evolving landscape of anal fistula treatment in Crohn’s disease. Researchers identified significant contributions from 325 countries, with the US and UK leading in publication volume. The Cleveland Clinic and Imperial College London emerged as influential institutions. Trends show a focus on surgical interventions, biologic therapies, and imaging modalities. Findings emphasize the need for standardized treatments and comprehensive clinical trials to enhance care for Crohn’s disease patients.

Journal Article by Jin X, Han Y (…) Mei Z et 4 al. in Int J Surg

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Minimally invasive ALPPS reduces mortality and hospital stay.

Post author By STITCHES Newsletter
Post date 06/02/2025
Categories In General Surgery, HPB & Spleen

A systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated minimally invasive associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) compared to open methods. Findings revealed a significant reduction in 90-day mortality (risk ratio = 0.48) and overall length of hospital stay (mean difference = -8 days) for minimally invasive procedures. Efficacy remained comparable regarding liver remnant growth and negative margin resections, with 92% achieving them through minimally invasive ALPPS versus 86% with open ALPPS.

Journal Article by Loke S, Ong BDC, Ng J and Kow AWC in Int J Surg

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Incentive nursing care improves outcomes for thyroid cancer patients.

Post author By STITCHES Newsletter
Post date 06/02/2025
Categories In Endocrine Surgery, General Surgery

Incentive nursing care (ICN) alongside routine nursing care (RNC) significantly enhances the management of depression and anxiety in thyroid cancer patients undergoing surgery. A meta-analysis of 12 trials with 999 participants revealed notable improvements in self-reported depression and anxiety levels, as well as overall quality of life measures. Results indicated that ICN plus RNC outperformed RNC alone across various psychological and functional dimensions, underscoring the efficacy of this combined approach in the perioperative period.

Meta-Analysis by Cui Y, Li YX and Zhang LJ in Medicine (Baltimore)

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