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High success rate for new anal fistula surgery technique

A sphincter-preserving total fistulectomy technique demonstrated a 97.7% cure rate and a low recurrence rate of 0.7% in 618 patients treated for anal fistulas. No instances of severe postoperative faecal incontinence were recorded, with an overall incontinence rate of just 0.7%. While supralevatoric fistulas showed a higher non-cure rate, and unclassifiable ones had an increased recurrence, the technique effectively addressed these challenges, confirming its utility in anal fistula management.

Journal Article by Iida Y, Honda K (…) Tanaka A et 3 al. in Updates Surg

© 2025. Italian Society of Surgery (SIC).

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AI model predicts in-hospital mortality for elderly surgical patients

An AI-driven Geriatric Emergency Perioperative Risk Index (GEPR) effectively predicts postoperative in-hospital mortality for elderly patients undergoing emergency general surgery. Utilizing data from 1,500 patients, the Random Forest Classifier algorithm excelled in accuracy, achieving a c-statistic of 0.872. The probability of in-hospital mortality varied significantly, increasing from 0% to 100% as GEPR scores ranged from 0 to 15, emphasizing the model’s robustness. Ongoing clinical trials aim to further validate GEPR’s reliability across diverse patient populations.

Journal Article by Xu D, Zhou H (…) Hou L et 2 al. in J Surg Res

Copyright © 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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Persistent postoperative inflammation increases risk of muscle loss.

A study involving 193 colon cancer patients revealed that only those with persistent postoperative inflammation faced a heightened risk of muscle wasting and poor prognosis. Groups characterized by consistent high inflammation demonstrated significant increases in muscle loss compared to those with low inflammation. Elevated inflammation was identified as an independent risk factor for postoperative sarcopenia, with implications for overall and recurrence-free survival. Modifying postoperative inflammation may enhance patient outcomes and guide future anti-inflammatory therapy development.

Journal Article by Liu Y, Yan J (…) Wu S et 9 al. in Int J Colorectal Dis

© 2025. The Author(s).

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Indocyanine green enhances tumor identification during liver surgery

Indocyanine green (ICG) significantly boosts procedural adjustments and tumor identification in minimally invasive liver surgery, according to findings involving 72 patients. Intraoperative ICG visualization proved “helpful” for 88% of surgeons, with meaningful differences in tumor positivity (12.2% in the ICG group vs. none in the control). This led to higher rates of frozen section analysis and more frequent intraoperative decisions. Importantly, the use of ICG did not result in adverse events or increased operative time, suggesting its value for oncological quality.

Journal Article by Franz M, Arend J (…) Croner R et 6 al. in Langenbecks Arch Surg

© 2025. The Author(s).

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Colectomy rates for ulcerative colitis decrease in Brazil.

A significant rise in ulcerative colitis prevalence was noted in Brazil, escalating from 17.31 to 84.23 per 100,000 between 2012 and 2022, with an annual increase of 15%. Conversely, while colectomy procedures accounted for 69.4% of surgeries, the percentage relative to total UC patients decreased to 0.7%, reflecting an 11.8% decline. Additionally, hospitalization rates dropped by 14.3%, indicating possible enhancements in UC management and treatment over the decade.

Journal Article by Savio MC, Ceconello Coelho J (…) Kotze PG et 6 al. in Gastroenterol Hepatol

Copyright © 2025 Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

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Laparoscopic cholecystectomy outperforms medication for gallstone treatment

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy shows superior clinical efficacy compared to non-invasive gallstone dissolution, enhancing patient quality of life. In a study of 86 cholelithiasis patients, surgical intervention resulted in a higher effective rate, faster symptom relief, and shorter hospital stays, despite increased costs. Additionally, the surgical group experienced fewer complications and lower recurrence rates. Improvements in SF-36 health survey scores highlighted better overall health post-treatment in the surgical group, emphasizing its potential for broader clinical application.

Comparative Study by Zhang J, Ma M (…) Zhang D et 3 al. in Minerva Surg

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Anemia and ICG-FI Use Increase Risk of Leakage

A study of 304 rectal cancer surgery patients revealed that moderate or severe anemia and non-use of indocyanine green fluorescence imaging (ICG-FI) are significant independent risk factors for anastomotic leakage. Preoperative anemia correction and routine ICG-FI application may reduce this risk. The analysis calculated an odds ratio of 9.94 for anemia and 10.40 for ICG-FI non-use. These findings underscore the importance of addressing these factors in surgical planning to improve patient outcomes.

Journal Article by Harada T, Numata M (…) Saito A et 6 al. in Surg Today

© 2025. The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

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Preoperative CEA levels can predict survival in rectal cancer.

A new study identifies a preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) cutoff of 2.8 ng/ml as significant for predicting 5-year survival in rectal cancer patients. Analysis of 316 individuals revealed that higher CEA levels correlate with poor overall survival. The presence of lymphovascular and perineural invasions also emerged as critical prognostic indicators, with patients achieving a pathologic complete response exhibiting lower CEA levels. This information helps refine patient stratification and treatment strategies.

Journal Article by Keshvari A, Tafti SMA (…) Mirzasadeghi A et 5 al. in J Gastrointest Cancer

© 2025. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.

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Radiographic response depth predicts survival in HCC patients.

Improved outcomes for patients with initially unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma are linked to the depth of radiographic response after systemic therapy prior to hepatectomy. In a study of 81 patients, radiographic response emerged as an independent prognostic factor for both recurrence-free and overall survival. Notably, achieving a radiographic response greater than 40% or 50% significantly correlated with longer recurrence-free survival, emphasizing the importance of monitoring treatment effectiveness preoperatively to improve patient prognosis.

Journal Article by Xu B, Wang LN (…) Huang C et 7 al. in Liver Cancer

© 2024 The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel.

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FOLFIRINOX shows superior outcomes for locally advanced pancreatic cancer

Neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) with FOLFIRINOX significantly enhances resectability and overall survival (OS) in patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC). This umbrella review of nine systematic reviews highlights that FOLFIRINOX leads to higher R0 resection rates compared to gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel, with improved OS. Furthermore, surgical resection post-NAT provides better survival outcomes than induction therapy alone. Cost-effectiveness analysis indicates that FOLFIRINOX, despite its higher cost, offers substantial OS benefits, making it a potential standard of care for LAPC.

Review by Zhao Y, Tan HL (…) Koh YX et 2 al. in Gland Surg

Copyright © 2025 AME Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

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