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Combined bowel preparation significantly improves colostomy reversal outcomes.

A recent analysis of the NSQIP database identified 793 adults undergoing elective colostomy reversal. Those receiving combined oral antibiotic and mechanical bowel preparation experienced markedly reduced rates of infectious complications, anastomotic leaks, and longer hospital stays compared to other groups. Multivariate analysis indicated that this approach lowered the odds of these adverse outcomes (adjusted odds ratio: 0.52 for infections, 0.37 for leaks). These findings advocate for updated preoperative protocols to enhance surgical outcomes.

Journal Article by Obaid O, Torres-Ruiz T (…) Bosio RJ et 4 al. in BMC Surg

Copyright © 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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Intraoperative blood loss impacts morbidity after liver surgery

Among 2,491 patients undergoing liver cancer surgery, significant associations were found between adjusted blood loss (ABL) and postoperative complications. Patients with ABL below 8.5 ml/kg experienced a lower comprehensive complication index (CCI) of 10.6 compared to 15.2 in those with higher ABL (p < 0.001). A nonlinear correlation indicated CCI increases sharply beyond 10 ml/kg, and survival rates worsened with ABL ≥ 8.5 ml/kg, suggesting the importance of limiting blood loss during liver resections to enhance patient outcomes.

Journal Article by Altaf A, Akabane M (…) Pawlik TM et 24 al. in HPB (Oxford)

Copyright © 2025 International Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Association Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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A predictive nomogram effectively identifies high-risk patients for cr-popf.

A novel nomogram utilizing preoperative factors has been developed to predict clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula (cr-popf) following pancreaticoduodenectomy. The nomogram, based on 262 patient data, identified key risk factors such as triglycerides and pancreatic duct size. With an area under the curve of 0.812 during validation and strong calibration, it achieved sensitivities of 60.9% and specificities of 90.0%, aiding clinicians in optimizing preoperative management strategies for high-risk patients.

Journal Article by Sheng J, Yang Y (…) Fu X et 4 al. in Gland Surg

Copyright © 2025 AME Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

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High glycemic variability increases risk of postoperative complications.

High glycemic variability on the first postoperative day significantly correlates with increased risk for infection-related complications in gastrointestinal cancer patients undergoing radical surgery. A study of 438 patients identified elevated glycemic levels, high leukocyte counts on the fourth postoperative day, and alcohol consumption as independent risk factors. Utilizing machine learning, researchers developed three effective nomogram prediction models, achieving area under the curve values between 0.78 and 0.82, indicating robust predictive capabilities for these complications.

Observational Study by Yang Z, Jiang F (…) Jiang L et 8 al. in Medicine (Baltimore)

Copyright © 2025 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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Venous thromboembolism poses high mortality risk post-cancer surgery

A nationwide study found that 90-day postoperative venous thromboembolism rates were 6.1% for liver and 6.7% for pancreatic surgeries. Key risk factors included major hepatectomy, left pancreatectomy, obesity, and prior thromboembolism history. By one year, pancreatic surgery patients had a significantly higher cumulative incidence (9.8%) compared to liver surgery patients (7.0%). Patients experiencing venous thromboembolism faced substantially elevated global mortality risks, underscoring the critical nature of this complication in hepatopancreatobiliary surgeries.

Journal Article by Thereaux J, Badic B (…) Couturaud F et 5 al. in BMC Surg

Copyright © 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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Video-based coaching significantly enhances surgical skill acquisition.

A meta-analysis of 15 studies with 382 participants reveals that video-based coaching (VBC) markedly improves surgical technical skills. Participants who received VBC scored significantly higher than controls, with average performance scores showing a standardized mean difference of 0.71. Additionally, improvement from baseline to final performance also demonstrated a significant standard mean difference of 0.98. The majority found VBC to be a valuable training resource, highlighting its effectiveness as a tool in surgical education.

Review by Anderson SM, Gillanders S (…) Davis N et 2 al. in World J Surg

© 2025 The Author(s). World Journal of Surgery published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Surgery/Société Internationale de Chirurgie (ISS/SIC).

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Conditional survival improves significantly after gastrectomy for gastric cancer

In a cohort of 1,129 gastric cancer patients undergoing curative gastrectomy, distinct improvements in conditional survival (CS) were observed over 10 years, particularly in stages II and III. The 5-year disease-specific survival rates consistently increased. Notably, survival rates for disease-specific causes intersected for stage II at 7 years and stage III at 8 years. Factors like age, sex, and comorbidities influenced non-disease-specific survival, emphasizing the need for tailored surveillance strategies post-surgery.

Journal Article by Imataki H, Miyake H (…) Yuasa N et 3 al. in J Gastrointest Surg

Copyright © 2025 Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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Local adaptation guidance aims to prevent perioperative hypothermia

A stepped-wedge cluster randomised hybrid study will evaluate the effectiveness of local adaptations in hypothermia prevention for perioperative patients. Conducted in five major hospitals in Queensland, Australia, the trial aims to reduce the incidence of hypothermia upon arrival at the post-anaesthetic care unit. Key outcomes include temperature monitoring, active warming strategies, and various clinical and economic impacts associated with hypothermia. Results will inform practice and policy recommendations for perioperative teams.

Clinical Trial Protocol by Munday J, Duff J (…) Graham ID et 6 al. in BMJ Open

© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2025. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ Group.

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Transanal repair effectively addresses anastomotic leakage after surgery.

In a prospective cohort study, clinicians evaluated transanal repair’s effectiveness on 22 patients who suffered anastomotic leakage post low anterior resection for rectal cancer. Among 11 patients receiving the procedure, 9 achieved healed anastomoses and 8 restored bowel continuity. The approach, requiring early detection and precise management, resulted in a median hospital stay of 20 days with zero 90-day mortality. This technique shows promise in preserving bowel function and decreasing reliance on stomas.

Evaluation Study by Lossius W, Stornes T, Bernstein TE and Wibe A in Tech Coloproctol

© 2025. The Author(s).

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Machine learning predicts early recurrence risk in cholangiocarcinoma

A novel machine learning model effectively predicts very early recurrence (VER) of perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (PCCA) post-surgery. In a study of 434 patients, 15% experienced VER, significantly reducing median overall survival to 8.4 months compared to 38.5 months for those without recurrence (p<0.001). The XGBoost model's stratification capabilities enhance surgical decision-making and patient counseling, identifying high-risk individuals who may benefit most from treatment.

Journal Article by Kawashima J, Endo Y (…) Pawlik TM et 11 al. in Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr

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