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Metabolic and bariatric surgery reduces cardiovascular risks in obesity.

A comparative analysis of metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) versus glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) therapy indicated that MBS significantly lowers the hazard of cardiovascular disease in patients with obesity. Specifically, MBS demonstrated a reduced risk for the primary composite outcome of cardiovascular disease (HR 0.54) and secondary outcomes including heart failure (HR 0.45), coronary artery disease (HR 0.54), and cerebrovascular disease (HR 0.64) over up to 10 years of follow-up.

Journal Article by Maan S, Sohail AH (…) Singh S et 8 al. in Am J Surg

Copyright © 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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Molecular Differences in Pancreatic Cancer Highlight Racial Disparities

Racial disparities in pancreatic cancer survival are linked to distinct immune microenvironments and genomic profiles. In a comprehensive analysis of 4,679 pancreatic adenocarcinoma samples, African American patients exhibited a higher frequency of TP53 mutations than European Americans. Additionally, gene expression profiling indicated significant immunologic differences between the two groups. These findings suggest that understanding these molecular variations is vital for improving treatment and outcomes, particularly for African American patients facing worse prognoses.

Journal Article by Gao Z, Azar J (…) Camp ER et 9 al. in J Surg Res

Copyright © 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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Heterogeneity in trauma triage tool application identified

A hybrid systematic review examined 92 papers on trauma triage tools (TTTs), revealing significant variability in the application of prehospital characteristics across international studies. While higher-level categories such as physiological measurements and injury mechanisms were consistent, the specific thresholds and interpretations used varied widely. This inconsistency may lead to sub-optimal clinical decision-making and highlights the need for a standardized taxonomy in TTT operationalization to improve major trauma triaging practices globally.

Review by Donnelly NA, Brent L (…) Doyle F et 7 al. in Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg

© 2025. The Author(s).

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Pelvic peritoneal reconstruction reduces postoperative complications in rectal cancer

A systematic review and meta-analysis of 16 cohort studies demonstrated that patients undergoing pelvic peritoneal reconstruction (PPC) during abdominoperineal resection for rectal cancer experienced significantly lower rates of postoperative complications. The PPC group showed reduced odds for intestinal obstruction (OR = 0.22), surgical site infections (OR = 0.36), and pelvic and abdominal cavity infections (OR = 0.20) compared to the non-closure group. These findings highlight the potential of PPC to improve patient outcomes in rectal cancer surgery.

Systematic Review by Wang J, Yang X and Hao M in Medicine (Baltimore)

Copyright © 2024 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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EUS-guided drainage proves effective for postoperative fluid collections

First-intention endoscopic ultrasound-guided drainage (EUS-pcd) using lumen-apposing metal stents (LAMS) demonstrated a technical success rate of 97.0% and a clinical success rate of 95.2% in managing postoperative collections (PCs) from various surgeries. The median size of collections was 7.6 cm, occurring about 19 days post-surgery. Only 9.1% experienced adverse events, with just one severe case requiring surgery. Timing and collection characteristics did not significantly impact outcomes.

Journal Article by Terrin M, D’Errico F (…) Donatelli G et 11 al. in Surg Endosc

© 2025. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.

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Minimally invasive endoscopic onlay repair shows low complication rates

A systematic review and meta-analysis of 12 studies involving 480 patients indicated that minimally invasive endoscopic onlay repair (endor) for diastasis recti and ventral hernia is a safe technique. The intraoperative complication and conversion rates were low at 1%, with a seroma rate of 25%. Postoperative complications included a 1% rate of surgical site infections and a 2% rate of hematomas. The procedure also demonstrated a recurrence rate of just 2% after 16 months.

Review by Brucchi F, Boni L, Cassinotti E and Baldari L in Surg Endosc

© 2025. The Author(s).

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Continuous glucose monitoring may enhance surgical outcomes for diabetes patients

A multicentre, parallel-arm, randomised trial in China aims to assess whether continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) improves surgical outcomes for patients with diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance compared to conventional monitoring. The study targets a significant cohort of over 10,000 participants and measures the comprehensive complication index (CCI) within 30 postoperative days. By employing rigorous statistical analysis, researchers seek to determine if CGM reduces glucose-related complications and lowers postoperative mortality rates significantly.

Multicenter Study by Duan Y, Ding L (…) Yao L et 4 al. in BMJ Open

© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2025. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ Group.

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Epithelial type influences postoperative outcomes in IPMNs

A multicenter analysis of 556 patients with intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms indicated that epithelial types significantly affect postoperative results. The pancreatobiliary type demonstrated a notably higher 10-year cumulative incidence of metachronous pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (22.7%) and high-risk lesions (37.2%) compared to gastric and intestinal types. Five-year disease-specific survival rates varied substantially, with 76.1% for the pancreatobiliary type versus 92.5% for gastric and 96.0% for intestinal types, underscoring the need for tailored postoperative surveillance.

Journal Article by Yamashige D, Hijioka S (…) Masamune A et 17 al. in J Gastroenterol

© 2025. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Japanese Society of Gastroenterology.

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Nomogram predicts risk of pulmonary infections in surgery patients

A novel nomogram developed by clinicians accurately predicts postoperative pulmonary infections (popis) in esophageal cancer patients. Evaluated across 910 patients, it identified six independent risk factors: age, anemia, neoadjuvant therapy, T stage, thoracic adhesions, and duration of surgery. The model demonstrated strong discrimination with areas under the curve (AUC) of 0.8095, 0.8039, and 0.7174 in training, validation, and external test cohorts, respectively, enabling timely interventions for high-risk patients.

Journal Article by Li S, Fang C (…) Ma H et 2 al. in BMC Surg

© 2025. The Author(s).

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Robotic hepatectomy shows improved outcomes and lower costs

A recent analysis of 152 robotic hepatectomies demonstrated significant benefits compared to traditional open procedures. Key findings indicate lower overall morbidity, reduced blood loss, and shorter ICU stays, leading to substantially lower hospital costs despite higher operating room expenses. The study also revealed that robotic hepatectomy achieved a higher textbook outcome rate (85% vs. 64% for open surgery). Notably, the learning curve for successful robotic right hepatectomy was established at just 15 procedures.

Journal Article by Hawksworth J, Radkani P (…) Winslow E et 3 al. in Surg Endosc

© 2025. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.

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