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Chyme reinfusion reduces complications after surgical reconstruction

A meta-analysis of five studies with 460 patients revealed that chyme reinfusion (CR) significantly lowers overall complications (odds ratio 0.25) and specifically ileus (odds ratio 0.35) and diarrhea (odds ratio 0.29) in patients undergoing reconstruction for high-output ostomies and enterocutaneous fistulas. Additionally, CR notably shortens hospital stays and reduces inflammatory markers like C-reactive protein and white blood cell counts, suggesting its efficacy as a supportive procedure in postoperative care.

Journal Article by Vaghiri S, Pandkhahi A (…) Prassas D et 5 al. in Dig Dis Sci

© 2025. The Author(s).

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Circadian rhythm modulation may combat gastrointestinal cancer

Emerging research highlights the significant impact of circadian rhythm on gastrointestinal cancer (GIC) progression and treatment. Modulating key circadian genes, like bmal1 and per1, shows potential in suppressing tumor advancement through various pathways. The review emphasizes the crucial role these genes play in GIC initiation, metastasis, metabolism, and therapeutic resistance. Current and future therapeutic strategies incorporating circadian rhythm modulation could enhance the effectiveness of treatments, particularly for patients diagnosed at advanced stages of the disease.

Review by Han J, Xiong Z (…) Cai M et 10 al. in Ann Med

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GNAS droplet digital PCR enhances mucinous cyst diagnosis

A single GNAS droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) analysis improves the diagnostic accuracy for mucinous pancreatic cystic lesions (MPCNs) using endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA). Among 140 patients, ddPCR increased MPCN detection to 62% while yielding 100% specificity. The method also identified a third of inconclusive lesions as MPCNs. Importantly, GNAS-ddPCR demonstrated a 24% cost reduction compared to next-generation sequencing, offering a simple means to enhance diagnostic capabilities for pancreatic cysts.

Journal Article by Ik A, G S (…) Ec V et 13 al. in Clin Transl Gastroenterol

Copyright © 2025 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of The American College of Gastroenterology.

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Elevated triglyceride-glucose index linked to higher sepsis risk

A retrospective study involving 1,884 patients revealed a 12.3% incidence of sepsis post-major abdominal surgery. Elevated triglyceride-glucose index (TyGI) levels were associated with a 90.7% increased risk of sepsis, as indicated by a hazard ratio of 1.907. Subgroup analysis identified significant interaction effects, particularly in patients with low HDL cholesterol. Incorporating TyGI into clinical prediction models improved accuracy, enhancing the c-statistic from 0.696 to 0.722, indicating its potential value in identifying high-risk patients.

Journal Article by Xia Q, Wang Y, Wu D and Lv Z in Pak J Med Sci

Copyright: © Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences.

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Porto-mesenteric vein resections show promising postoperative outcomes

A study analyzing data from 389 patients undergoing porto-mesenteric vein resections with pancreatectomy found postoperative mortality at 6.4% and major complications at 32.6%. Factors such as a Charlson comorbidity index greater than 4 and preoperative treatments were significant predictors of outcomes. The research generated predictive nomograms demonstrating good potential for forecasting mortality and complications. For patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, completion of multimodality treatment significantly improved median overall survival to 25.01 months.

Journal Article by Kapoor D, Bhandare MS (…) Shrikhande SV et 20 al. in Ann Surg Oncol

© 2025. The Author(s).

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High Same-Day Discharge Rates Achieved for Minimally Invasive Heller Myotomy

A significant majority of patients (84.1%) underwent same-day discharge following minimally invasive Heller myotomy, with rates improving from 58% to over 90% in successive quartiles. The study, involving 157 patients, reported a low overall complication rate of 2.6%, with no fatalities or reinterventions. Reasons for delayed discharge included patient preference and surgeon discretion. These findings suggest that the ambulatory approach to this procedure is safe, effective, and potentially cost-efficient, warranting further research in broader healthcare contexts.

Journal Article by Jarrin Lopez A, Susai C and Svahn JD in World J Surg

© 2025 International Society of Surgery/Société Internationale de Chirurgie (ISS/SIC).

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Occult metastases detected in 20.7% of gastric cancer patients

A retrospective analysis involving 232 patients undergoing staging laparoscopy (SL) revealed that 20.7% had occult metastases. Peritoneal carcinomatosis was the most common, affecting 17.2% of patients, followed by liver metastases. Key risk factors identified included positive cytology at staging (cm-positivity) and the presence of signet ring cells, both confirmed through multivariate analysis. The findings emphasize the need for SL in high-risk patients, especially those with cm-positive staging and specific histological features.

Journal Article by von Bechtolsheim F, Spindler M (…) Müssle B et 4 al. in Langenbecks Arch Surg

© 2025. The Author(s).

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Gum chewing outperforms coffee for bowel recovery post-cesarean

A systematic review included 20 studies with 2,876 patients, comparing coffee and gum chewing effects on bowel recovery after cesarean sections. Both interventions significantly reduced the time to first defecation and flatus versus control. Although gum chewing proved superior for overall recovery, reducing complications, improving patient satisfaction, and shortening hospital stays, coffee enhanced food tolerance earlier. However, no major differences were observed between the two methods for primary bowel function outcomes.

Journal Article by Gao T, Liu Q (…) Liu J et 3 al. in Int J Surg

Copyright © 2025 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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Japan’s esophageal cancer survival rates highlight treatment effectiveness

In Japan, a comprehensive registry observed 9,593 esophageal cancer cases in 2016, revealing significant variations in 5-year survival rates by treatment type. Endoscopic resection yielded the highest survival at 89%, followed by esophagectomy at 59%. Notably, minimally invasive esophagectomy was preferred in 65.1% of cases. Tumor stage profoundly impacted outcomes, with 83% survival in stage 0 versus only 27% in stage IVb. The findings aim to enhance the diagnosis and treatment of esophageal cancer.

Journal Article by Kimura Y, Okamura A (…) Takeuchi H et 19 al. in Esophagus

© 2025. The Author(s).

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AI Pipeline Enhances Detection of Surgical Site Infections

An AI-based system was developed to assess patient-submitted postoperative wound images, aiming to streamline the detection of surgical site infections (SSI). Among 6,060 patients studied, the model achieved an impressive incision detection accuracy of 94% and 73% accuracy for SSI detection. This technology demonstrated robust performance in image quality assessment and showed comparable efficacy across racial subgroups, offering a promising solution to alleviate the clinician workload associated with outpatient surgical care.

Journal Article by Muaddi H, Choudhary A (…) Thiels C et 7 al. in Ann Surg

Copyright © 2025 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

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