Blog

Machine Learning Enhances Early Gastric Cancer Identification

The systematic review and meta-analysis found that machine learning-based models have greater performance in the identification of early gastric cancer (EGC) compared to non-specialist clinicians. The sensitivity, specificity, and summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) of the machine learning models were higher than those of non-specialist clinicians. With the assistance of machine learning models, the diagnostic accuracy of non-specialist physicians in diagnosing EGC was significantly improved, approaching the level of specialist clinicians. These results suggest that machine learning models have broad clinical application value in assisting less experienced clinicians in EGC diagnosis.

Review by Shi Y, Fan H (…) Fei S et 5 al. in World J Surg Oncol

© 2024. The Author(s).

read the whole article in World J Surg Oncol

open it in PubMed

Postoperative Hyperamylasemia is an Early Predictor of Pancreatic Fistula Occurrence and Severity after Distal Pancreatectomy

The European multicentric study aimed to investigate the relationship between postoperative hyperamylasemia (POH) and postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) occurrence and severity in patients who underwent distal pancreatectomy. The study found that the presence of POH was a strong predictor of POPF, with the rate of POPF almost doubling in patients with POH. Additionally, higher POPF severity correlated with higher rates of POH. Patients with POH also experienced higher rates of post-pancreatectomy hemorrhage, sepsis, re-operation, and mortality.

Journal Article by Perri G, Romandini E (…) Salvia R et 14 al. in Ann Surg

Copyright © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

read the whole article in Ann Surg

open it in PubMed

Lower socioeconomic status increases burnout risk in postgraduate trainees in the UK.

The study examined the effect of socioeconomic status and training programs on burnout in postgraduate trainees in the UK. It found that burnout is prevalent among doctors and varies by specialty, gender, trainee level, and socioeconomic status. Trainees from lower socioeconomic backgrounds are more likely to experience burnout during their training. The study identified at-risk groups that may benefit from targeted interventions.

Journal Article by Super J, Vinnicombe Z (…) Anakwe R et 2 al. in Postgrad Med J

© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Fellowship of Postgraduate Medicine. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

read the whole article in Postgrad Med J

open it in PubMed

Male Sex and Roux-en-Y Reconstruction: Risk Factors for Abdominal Surgical Infectious Complications in Gastric Cancer Patients

Male sex and Roux-en-Y reconstruction were identified as independent risk factors for abdominal surgical infectious complications (ASIC) after distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer. A post-hoc analysis of a randomized controlled trial (JCOG0912) found that male patients had a 2.364 times higher risk of developing ASIC, and those who underwent Roux-en-Y reconstruction had a 2.310 times higher risk, compared to Billroth I reconstruction. Surgeons should pay special attention to prevent ASIC in male patients and when Roux-en-Y reconstruction is chosen.

Journal Article by Taki Y, Ito S (…) Terashima M et 13 al. in Eur J Surg Oncol

© 2024 Published by Elsevier Ltd.

read the whole article in Eur J Surg Oncol

open it in PubMed

Noncompliance with Massive Transfusion Protocol Ratios Linked to Higher Mortality

A review of a hospital’s massive transfusion protocol found that failure to adhere to targeted plasma and platelet ratios was strongly associated with higher inpatient mortality. Patients who received fewer units of plasma and platelets than recommended had increased odds of mortality. The study also identified age, injury severity, INR levels, and total units transfused as factors related to increased mortality. Implementing a performance improvement program to ensure protocol adherence is recommended.

Journal Article by Easterday T, Byerly S (…) Howley I et 5 al. in Am Surg

read the whole article in Am Surg

open it in PubMed

The IWATE Criteria Validated for Predicting Difficulty and Outcomes in Robotic Liver Surgery

Robotic liver surgery was studied in the first 100 cases to assess the validity of the IWATE difficulty score. Based on the analysis of perioperative and postoperative parameters, researchers found that robotic surgery provides favorable clinical outcomes, even in the implementation phase. The IWATE difficulty score successfully predicted both surgical difficulty and postoperative complications in robotic liver surgery. This highlights the importance of the score as a tool in surgical planning and decision-making.

Journal Article by Steinkraus KC, Traub B (…) Hüttner FJ et 5 al. in Langenbecks Arch Surg

© 2024. The Author(s).

read the whole article in Langenbecks Arch Surg

open it in PubMed

Identifying Factors Affecting Patient Outcomes in Surgical and Non-Surgical Procedures in South Australia

The study aimed to identify patient demographic characteristics that could predict disparities in mortality, readmission, and discharge outcomes after surgical and non-surgical procedures in South Australia. The retrospective cohort study included 40,882 admissions at major metropolitan public hospitals. Results showed that increased age, higher comorbidity burden, emergency admission, and male sex were associated with higher mortality rates. Additionally, being identified as Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander (ATSI) and being born in Australia were linked to increased readmission rates and decreased likelihood of discharge directly home, highlighting the need for interventions to improve equity in healthcare.

Journal Article by Kovoor JG, Gupta AK (…) Maddern GJ et 7 al. in ANZ J Surg

© 2024 The Authors. ANZ Journal of Surgery published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Royal Australasian College of Surgeons.

read the whole article in ANZ J Surg

open it in PubMed

Laparoscopic central pancreatectomy for benign or low-grade malignant tumors in the pancreatic neck and proximal body

The study analyzed the outcomes and patient experiences of laparoscopic central pancreatectomy for benign or low-grade malignant tumors in the pancreatic neck and proximal body. Sixteen cases were retrospectively analyzed, with all surgical procedures successfully completed without the need for open surgery conversion. The postoperative pathology results identified various types of tumors, with no instances of common bile duct stenosis or biliary leakage. Pancreatic fistula and biochemical leakage were observed in some cases, highlighting the need for experienced surgeons in performing this procedure.

Journal Article by Xiang J, Zhu J (…) Li H et 2 al. in ANZ J Surg

© 2024 The Authors. ANZ Journal of Surgery published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Royal Australasian College of Surgeons.

read the whole article in ANZ J Surg

open it in PubMed

Liposomal Bupivacaine Enhances Pain Control and Reduces Opioid Use in Hemorrhoidectomy

A systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the efficacy of liposomal bupivacaine (LB) compared to conventional anesthetic or placebo in hemorrhoidectomy patients. The analysis included three randomized clinical trials involving 338 patients. LB demonstrated a significant reduction in pain scores at 72 hours post-surgery compared to conventional anesthetic or placebo. LB also resulted in longer time to first opioid use and lower opioid requirements. Additionally, LB showed fewer adverse effects, particularly reduced pain during bowel movements. These findings highlight LB’s potential to enhance postoperative analgesia in hemorrhoidectomy patients.

Review by Solis-Pazmino P, Figueroa L (…) Nasseri Y et 6 al. in Tech Coloproctol

© 2024. The Author(s).

read the whole article in Tech Coloproctol

open it in PubMed

Tumor Cells in Close Proximity to Resection Margin Negatively Impact Survival in Pancreatic Head Ductal Adenocarcinoma

The study examined the impact of tumor cells in close proximity to the resection margin on the survival and development of distant metastasis in pancreatic head ductal adenocarcinoma. The results showed that direct microscopic infiltration or tumor cells within 1 mm of the resection margin were associated with shorter overall survival. The main result of the study is that tumor cells in close proximity to the resection margin negatively affect the prognosis of patients with pancreatic head ductal adenocarcinoma.

Journal Article by Loch FN, Kamphues C (…) Dragomir MP et 7 al. in Int J Surg Pathol

read the whole article in Int J Surg Pathol

open it in PubMed