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New thresholds for fine-needle aspiration thyroglobulin redefine metastatic thyroid cancer diagnostics

Fine-needle aspiration thyroglobulin (fna-tg) enhances detection of lymph node metastases in papillary thyroid carcinoma. An optimal cutoff value of 0.865 ng/ml yields 80% sensitivity and 94.4% specificity. When paired with cytological and thyroglobulin ratio assessments, diagnostic accuracy soars to 96.6%. The fna-tg levels correlate with serum thyroglobulin and thyroid status, streamlining the identification of metastatic lymph nodes and improving patient management strategies.

Journal Article by Yang Y and Jiang X in Eur J Surg Oncol

Copyright © 2025 Elsevier Ltd, BASO ~ The Association for Cancer Surgery, and the European Society of Surgical Oncology. All rights reserved.

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Midline Incisions Linked to Higher Hernia Rates After Abdominal Surgery

A meta-analysis of 40 studies involving over 183,000 patients reveals midline incisions significantly elevate the risk of incisional hernias, exhibiting rates up to 18.7%. In colorectal surgery, midline approaches show an alarming odds ratio of 11.7 for hernia formation versus transverse methods. Key risk factors include obesity, male gender, COPD, and wound infections, with most hernias emerging within the first year post-surgery. Optimizing incision techniques based on patient profiles could mitigate these risks.

Review by Kanani F, Messer N (…) Zoabi N et 2 al. in Am Surg

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Surge in Primary Liver Cancer Cases Among Older Adults Predicted to Continue

Primary liver cancer (PLC) incidents surged 74% from 2000 to 2021 among adults aged 55+, with deaths rising 67% and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) increasing 59%. While the annual incidence rates are projected to initially fall, projections indicate continuous case increases through 2050, especially in those 75 and older. Notably, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and alcohol-related PLC cases have surged, outpacing declines in hepatitis B and C-related PLC, highlighting significant regional disparities.

Journal Article by Wang B, Xiong Y (…) Zhang S et 2 al. in Int J Surg

Copyright © 2025 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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Two-week preoperative therapy shows comparable efficacy with less toxicity in rectal cancer

A two-week hypofractionated chemoradiotherapy regimen yielded similar tumor responses to conventional long-course treatment in locally advanced rectal cancer. Analyses showed comparable rates of downstaging and tumor response between the two approaches. Notably, the two-week regimen significantly reduced gastrointestinal toxicity, with only 5.8% experiencing grade 2 or higher complications versus 13.2% in the standard group. This trial supports shorter treatment durations without sacrificing efficacy.

Journal Article by Choi KH, Kim SH (…) An C et 9 al. in Ann Surg

Copyright © 2025 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Gastrectomy Reduces Long-Term Cardiovascular Risks for Gastric Cancer Survivors

Gastrectomy significantly lowers the risk of cardiovascular diseases and obesity-related cancers compared to endoscopic resection in gastric cancer survivors. An analysis of 74,367 matched patients revealed that those who underwent gastrectomy experienced fewer major adverse cardiovascular events, lower incidences of conditions like hypertension and ischemic heart disease, and decreased death rates from obesity-related cancers. However, they face a heightened risk of respiratory disease mortality. Annual medical costs for diabetes and hypertension were also lower in these patients.

Journal Article by Woo HT, Kang SH (…) Suh YS et 7 al. in J Am Coll Surg

Copyright © 2025 by the American College of Surgeons. Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

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HAIP chemotherapy significantly enhances survival in liver cancer patients

Hepatic arterial infusion pump (HAIP) chemotherapy delivers targeted therapy directly to the liver, markedly improving survival outcomes in liver-confined colorectal metastases (CRLM) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICCA). In unresectable CRLM, five-year overall survival rates reach 50%. Adjuvant HAIP after tumor resection shows two-year survival of 86%, compared to 72% with systemic therapy alone. ICCA patients benefit similarly, with response rates up to 58% and three-year overall survival as high as 43%.

Review by Outmani L, Rousian M (…) Gholami S et 5 al. in Ann Surg Oncol

© 2025. Society of Surgical Oncology.

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65% of Patients Return to Normal Activities Within 30 Days Post-Surgery

Within 30 days of major abdominal surgery in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), 65.3% of patients reported returning to normal activities. Factors influencing recovery included the type of surgery: patients undergoing benign procedures (67%) and minor operations (71%) experienced higher return rates than those with cancer or major surgeries. The urgency for rehabilitation pathways is amplified by the increasing global surgical care demands, highlighting the need to enhance recovery for these populations.

Journal Article by Omar O and Kamarajah SK in BMC Surg

© 2025. The Author(s).

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Adjuvant therapy significantly improves survival after distal cholangiocarcinoma surgery

Adjuvant therapy markedly enhances overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in patients post-pancreaticoduodenectomy for distal cholangiocarcinoma. A meta-analysis of 22 studies involving 7,078 patients revealed an OS hazard ratio of 0.80 and a DFS hazard ratio of 0.84 for adjuvant therapy compared to follow-up alone. Notably, combined chemo-radiotherapy yielded the best outcomes, though high heterogeneity in study results warrants caution in interpretation.

Journal Article by Nappo G, D’Ambra V (…) Zerbi A et 7 al. in Updates Surg

© 2025. The Author(s).

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Zero Post-Procedure Bleeding Achieved with New Closure Technique After Colon Resection

A prospective study of 1,133 patients undergoing colorectal endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) using the Perfect Closure (PC) technique reported zero instances of delayed bleeding. This innovative method involved secure clipping without gaps and avoided clip-on-clip placements. The average number of clips used was 4.71 per lesion, with an average tumor diameter of 8.0 mm. Monte Carlo simulations suggested both medical and economic benefits over traditional closure methods, indicating significant progress in minimizing complications.

Journal Article by Homma K, Nawa S (…) Homma N et 4 al. in Surg Endosc

© 2025. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.

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Metabolic Surgery Significantly Improves Liver Health in MASH Patients

Metabolic bariatric surgery markedly enhances glycemic control and liver histology in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). A scoping review of 14 studies reveals substantial reductions in fasting glucose, insulin resistance, and liver enzymes, alongside histological improvements, including decreased steatosis and fibrosis. These changes, observed over follow-up periods of 6 months to 5 years, underline the procedure’s potential as a key treatment strategy for addressing MASH effectively and improving metabolic health.

Review by Shah A, Mohammadi A (…) Zevin B et 2 al. in Obes Surg

© 2025. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.

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